The Three Most Common Types of Skin Cancer And Its ...

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The Three Most Common Types of Skin Cancer And Its Characteristics

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common form of skin cancer, is a malignant epithelial tumor of the skin that arises from the basal cells in the epidermis. The tumor is usually painless and slow growing, generally appearing on sun-exposed skin of the face, ears, head, neck, or hands. Occasionally, basal cell carcinoma may appear on the trunk, especially the upper back and chest. The majority of the cases are caused by chronic overexposure to UVL radiation, and only a few cases can be linked to arsenic, burns, scars, exposure to radiation, or genetic predisposition. Clinical and histologic findings are used to identify the tumor.

Basal Cell Carcinoma Image

The most common clinical presentation of basal cell carcinoma is the nodular lesion. This is a dome-shaped papule with a well-defined border having a classic ?pearly? texture. Basal cell carcinoma has this flesh colored ?pearly? or shiny appearance because it does not keratinize. Telangiectatic vessels frequently overlie the lesion. As the lesion enlarges, the center may flatten or ulcerate, but the border is still raised, giving a ?rolled-edge? appearance.

Although basal cell carcinomas almost never metastasize, they can be locally destructive and invasive through tissue. This is particularly true on the face, where a lesion can invade deep structures with resultant loss of an eye or ear or the nose. If untreated, the tumor can invade through bone and brain. If the tumor is identified and treated early, local excision or even nonexcisional destruction is usually curative.

People who have had one basal cell carcinoma are at risk for development of another. Recurrences of previously treated basal cell carcinoma are also possible but more unusual; recurrences are generally noted within the first 2 years after removal or therapy.

Squamous Cell Carninoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common skin cancer in Caucasians. It is a tumor of the epidermal keratinocytes and rarely occurs in dark-skinned people. It is found on areas often exposed to the sun, typically the rim of the ear, the face, the lips and mouth, and the backs of the hands.

Squamous CellCarcinoma Image

Squamous cell carcinoma is more difficult to characterize than basal cell carcinoma. The tumor is poorly marginated; the edge often blends into surroundings sun-damaged skin. Squanous cell carcinoma may present as an ulcer, a flat red area, a cutaneous horn, an indurated plaque, or a hyperkeratoticpapule or nodule. Often it presents as a red-to skin-colored papule surmounted by varying amounts of scale.

The lesions grow more rapidly than does basal cell carcinoma. These tumors are potentially dangerous because they may infiltrate surrounding structures and metastasize to lymph, with a fatal outcome.

Malignant Melanoma

Malignant melanoma is a cancer of melanocytes; it is the deadliest form of skin cancer. The incidence of melanoma is increasing; such that currently about 1 to 100 persons in the United States can expect to develop this cancer in a lifetime. The incidence of and death rate from melanoma are increasing worldwide. In countries populated with fair-skinned white people, the incidence of melanoma and the mortality rate have risen increased 7% to 15% per year, more than doubling during the 1990s.

Malignant Melanoma Image

Exposure to UVL continues to be one of the most important causes of malignant melanoma. What causes melanocytes to transform to melanoma cells is poorly understood. Primary cutaneous melanoma may develop in precursor melanocytic nevi (common acquired, congenital, and atypical or dysplastic types), although more than 50% of cases are believed to arise without a preexisting pigmented lesion. Melanoma is multifactorial and appears to be related to multiple risk factors including (1) fair complexion, (2) excessive childhood sun exposure and blistering childhood sunburns, (3) increased number of common acquired and dysplastic moles, (4) family history of melanoma, and (5) presence of a changing mole in the skin. The suspicion of melanoma is based on history as well as the clinical appearance.

Written by DeimonJai
im tall, dark and never mind. ^^

Source: http://www.wcancers.com/basal-cell-carcinoma/the-three-most-common-types-of-skin-cancer-and-its-characteristics/

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